Atocha [aˈtotʃa] is an administrative neighborhood (barrio) of Madrid belonging to the district of Arganzuela.

[1] It has been linked to atochar ("esparto field"), the hermitage of Our Lady of Atocha (derived from Theotoca ("Mother of God") or Antiochia) or atochada[2] (an earthwork with grasses to contain water, here applied to a local brook).

[3] Located in the middle of Madrid, the ward is formed by a strip between the avenue Calle de Méndez Álvaro (south-west), and the north-eastern area of Madrid Atocha railway station, that occupies great part of its territory.

The northern border is at the square Plaza del Emperador Carlos V and the southern one in the avenue Calle de Pedro Bosch.

Atocha borders the districts of Centro (north), Retiro (north-east), Puente de Vallecas (south) and with the Arganzuelan wards of Palos de Moguer, Las Delicias and Legazpi.