Giovannini debuted in the Italian Serie A with Lucchese before moving to Inter, where he won two consecutive league championships in 1953 and 1954.

In 1954 he went to Lazio and at 32 years of age he retired not having scored a single career goal despite playing in 272 games in Serie A. Giovannini made 13 appearances for the Italy national team, making his debut in 1949.

At the 1950 World Cup, he played as a right-sided full-back in the game against Paraguay.

He emigrated to the United States in 1957 and died there in February 2005 at the age of 80.

This biographical article related to association football in Italy, about a defender born in the 1920s, is a stub.