Located in the southern part of the county, it borders the following townships: No municipalities are located in Atwater Township, although the census-designated place of Atwater is located in the center of the township.

Caleb Atwater, a landowner in the Connecticut Western Reserve.

[4] The township is governed by a three-member board of trustees, who are elected in November of odd-numbered years to a four-year term beginning on the following January 1.

There is also an elected township fiscal officer,[5] who serves a four-year term beginning on April 1 of the year after the election, which is held in November of the year before the presidential election.

Students in Atwater Township are served by the Waterloo Local School District, which also serves neighboring Randolph Township.