The province covered roughly half of the North Island of New Zealand.

The southern boundary was mostly along the 39th latitude, which was an arbitrary line, as the country's interior was little known by Europeans.

The 39th latitude was subsequently replaced by boundaries that took landforms into account, and as a consequence, parts of the former Auckland Province are now in the Wellington and Hawke's Bay land districts, and part of the former Wellington Province is in the South Auckland Land District.

[1] New Zealand law provides a public holiday for each province's anniversary day.

From its second session onwards, the council used the General Assembly House for its meetings.