On August 17, 1793, Ichabod Stafford, and Joseph and Abraham Forbes arrived bringing the population to 23.

Other settlers arriving in 1794 and 1795 were Isaac and Benjamin Allen, Amos Parker, a Revolutionary War veteran, James Cassety, Frances O'Toole, Ozias Hart, Abel Prior, Thomas Spafford, Ezra Saxton, Abiel Lindsley, and J. Reynolds.

Several other settlers arrived from an adjacent town, Blandford including Abner Ranney, Elisha Shepard, and many belonging to the Knox family.

Another early settler was Charles Putnam, from Stonington, Connecticut, having first lived in Clinton for two years.

He is also a Revolutionary War veteran[5] and is credited with building the first timber frame barn in the town, built of black ash.

A bill was considered in the New York State Legislature and passed the Assembly, but failed in the Senate because Senator Samuel Jones noted that town officers must be freeholders and many of the prospective town officials were lessees of Peter Smith's land.

[4] Organization was successful the next year and Augusta was created as a town simultaneously with the creation of Oneida County on March 15, 1798.

[5] The act that created the town specified it would be called Augusta to honor General Augustus Van Horn.

A second mill was built by David Currie and had an adjacent saw-mill, both powered by the water of Oriskany Creek.

[5] The economy of the town was largely based upon agriculture, the small industry centered around the village of Oriskany Falls, and the quarrying of lime and limestone which was in abundant supply and exported around the country.

[5] According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 27.7 square miles (72 km2), all land.

The following is listed on the National Register of Historic Places: As of the census[8] of 2000, there were 1,966 people, 744 households, and 532 families residing in the town.