Martínez Sánchez was a member of the July 26 Movement since April 1958 and participated in the guerrilla struggle in the Sierra Maestra against the government of Fulgencio Batista, attached to the Second Eastern Front "Frank País", under the direct orders of Raúl Castro.

Upon the triumph of the rebel forces, he was appointed Minister of National Defense of the first cabinet of the revolutionary government chaired by Manuel Urrutia, according to a decree of January 10, 1959, but always under the direct orders of Fidel Castro.

Commanders Juan Almeida Bosque, Guillermo García, Sergio del Valle, and Manuel Piñeiro were also members of this Court.

[1] On December 8, 1964, apparently as a result of errors in his work, Augusto Martínez Sánchez shot himself in the head[2] but failed in his suicide attempt and survived.

Between October and December 2010, he traveled with permission to Miami, United States of America, where his eldest son Augusto Martínez resided since the early eighties; later the Cuban ex-military man returned to the island.