He was the son of Prince Adam Ludwik Czartoryski (and grandson of Princess Marguerite Adélaïde of Orléans) and Countess Maria Ludwika Krasińska.
After the death of his father, Prince Augustyn took over the running of the Family Museum and became ordynat of the Sieniawa Ordynacja properties.
The rest of the items were carried down to the Museum cellars, but in September as the bombs fell on Kraków Prince Augustyn and Princess Dolores, who was pregnant, decided to leave Sieniawa for a better refuge.
After heavy negotiation, and thanks to their royal Italian and Spanish connections, they were deported and managed to reach Spain before the end of 1939.
During his exile in Spain Prince Augustyn was very active in the Polish resistance, but his poor health and his desperation had its toll on his life.