Pertile was born in Montagnana, in the province of Padua of Northern Italy, 18 days after the birth of another celebrated tenor, Giovanni Martinelli, in the same town.
After singing in regional Italy and South America, Pertile first sang at the premier Italian opera house, La Scala, Milan, in 1916.
His soprano colleagues included such famous divas as Gilda Dalla Rizza, dal Monte, Claudia Muzio, Raisa, Bidu Sayão, Hina Spani, and Ninon Vallin.
In 1995, a comprehensive anthology of his recordings were issued in an album (with the accompanying monograph, La voce e l'arte di Aureliano Pertile) from TIMAClub.
His three complete operatic recordings, namely Aïda (with Dusolina Giannini in the title role, 1928), Il trovatore (1930) and Carmen (in Italian translation, 1932), were not included in the 1995 release but they are available on other CD labels.