This group included English, Irish, Welsh and Scottish settlers in Australia who then moved to California during the Gold Rush.
Immigration from Australia to the United States increased at times of economic boom, such as the Reconstruction era, and in the years following the Second World War.
In San Francisco, the "Sydney Ducks" as they were known came into violent conflict with nativist locals.
It picked up during the period of Reconstruction, but faltered again when Australia was hit by an economic depression in the late 1890s.
Immigration to the United States peaked in the years following World War II, due to America's increased economic activity, and the exodus of 15,000 Australian war brides who married U.S. servicemen.