The Australian National Socialist Party was launched in 1962 by University of Adelaide physics student Ted Cawthron and Sydney council worker Don Lindsay.
They were vigorously anti-communist, and argued for the perpetuation of the White Australia policy, a defensive approach to Asia and the total annexation of New Guinea.
[1][2] The party consisted entirely of Cawthron and Lindsay until they were joined in July 1963 by Arthur Smith, known for his outward antisemitism and aggressive tactics.
[3] Smith was the party's first leader, who managed to slightly increase membership by merging with a host of other motley white supremacist groups in Melbourne.
At this point, Cawthron and several other defectors formed the competing National Socialist Party of Australia (NSPA), which rejected the radicalism of the ANSP.