It is found throughout the Palearctic region and the Near East and has a much wider distribution than its two close relatives (see below).

In Sápmi (Lapland), in some years, the numerous autumnal moth larvae defoliate square miles of birch forests on mountains.

[2] In general, this is the least variable of the four, with melanic forms occurring less often.

It is also usually on the wing earlier in the year, flying in September and October,[1] although the flight seasons of all three species overlap.

The caterpillar feeds on a wide variety of trees and shrubs.