[6] In 2000, Ayesha gave a speech at Speakers' Corner in Hyde Park, London in support of the Provisional Irish Republican Army.

"[8] She also supported the Iraqi insurgents, stating "When you have an occupying army coming from abroad, raping your women and killing your own people, it is only legitimate that you fight them.

"[9] In 2011, she strongly denounced the policies of U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and U.S. President Barack Obama, calling for a mediation of the Libyan Civil War through an international organization which would exclude them.

[6] Gaddafi is also the head of the charity Wa Attassimou, which defended Muntadhar al-Zaidi when he faced charges stemming from the shoe-hurling incident.

[16] However, on 27 July 2011, it was reported that Belgian prosecutors had declined to investigate the war crimes complaint filed by Gaddafi against NATO, stating that the courts of Belgium lacked jurisdiction to deal with the matter.

This application was opposed by the prosecutor who stated that requiring her to disclose the requested information would intrude on prosecutorial independence and discretion and potentially impede the investigation itself.

[18] As the Battle for Tripoli reached a climax in mid-August, the Gaddafi family were forced to abandon their fortified compound.

On 27 August 2011, it was reported by the Egyptian news agency Mena that Libyan rebel fighters had seen six armored Mercedes-Benz sedans, possibly carrying top Gaddafi regime figures, cross the border at the south-western Libyan town of Ghadames towards Algeria,[20] which at the time was denied by the Algerian authorities.

[20][21] An Algerian Foreign Ministry official said all the people in the convoy were now in Algiers, and that all of them had been named in warrants issued by the International Criminal Court for possible war crimes charges.

In January 2017, European Union's General Court announced that her appeal had been successful, and that all sanctions and travel bans had been withdrawn.

[28] On 17 October 2024, the State Museum of Oriental Art in Moscow opened a six-week exhibit of dozens of Ayesha Gaddafi’s artworks, including a painting of a crowd hovering over the corpses of her father and her brother who was killed alongside him.

Algerian authorities confirmed that she gave birth to her fourth child, a baby girl, on 30 August 2011, shortly after arriving there after fleeing Libya with other members of the Gaddafi family.