‘Ayn al-Mulk Mūltānī was a military commander and official who served the Khalji and Tughluq dynasties of the Delhi Sultanate in present-day India.
'Ayn al-Mulk Multānī belonged to a Punjabi community of traders known as Multanis, who controlled long-distance trade during the era of Delhi Sultanate.
[1] His actual name is unknown: "`Ayn Al-Mulk" is a title (also transliterated as `Ain ul-Mulk), while Multani is a nisba indicating that he hailed from the city of Multan.
The later chronicler Ziauddin Barani describes him as a widely-travelled well-experienced man, who was known for his wise counsel and his ability to tackle complex problems.
While Multani was on the way to Gujarat, Kafur was killed and Alauddin's son Qutb ud din Mubarak Shah (r. 1316–1320) seized the throne of Delhi.
Subsequently, Ghazi Malik Tughluq, the muqta of Depalpur, tried to persuade Multani and other nobles to rebel against Khusrau Khan and avenge Mubarak Shah's death.
[3] According to the chronicler Isami, Multani joined Ulugh Khan (who later ascended the throne of Delhi as Muhammad bin Tughluq, r. 1325–1351) on the 1322 expedition to Warangal.
[3] Ain-ul-Mulk Multani states Uch in Punjab as an ancient town, having number of mosques, madrassas and places of worship and one of his letters reveals his longing to visit Ucch and enjoy the pleasure of waking on the river bank.