[2] It is prohibited to give insulting, sarcastic or non-gender names to children by law.
[3] Same law also allows complete removal of surnames leaving only first name and patronymic names, however their legal surname would change to XXX as a standard, to avoid problems with surname-less passports.
However, there are officially recorded 180,000 different names in registrar of Ministry of Justice.
Certain surnames derives from clan names of old nobility such as Safavi, Bakikhanov and others.
Most of these were already adopted by nobility in early stages of Russian Empire domination in Caucasus.
Others mostly incorporate noble titles like bey or khan with addition of suffixes like -ov or -li (for instance, Rustamkhanli or Amirkhanov).
Adopted from Slavic naming customs, -ov/-yev is gender specific suffix (for females, these would be -ova/-yeva).