In 1956, he started farming in Phaltan, a taluka in Satara district in western Maharashtra, and is reported to have started a seed business and processing plant called Nimbkar Seeds, with financial assistance from Rockefeller Foundation.

[5] The organization has since grown to include activities in renewable energy, animal husbandry and sustainable development.

His company Nimbkar Seeds is credited with the introduction of pure-bred Boer goats for the first time in India.

[6][7][8] Some of Nimbkar's research areas included studying the causes for desertification particularly in the Western Maharashtra region and the lasting impact of hybrid plants and high-yielding varieties of crops on the underlying soil.

[11][12][13] Nimbkar was the recipient of the Padma Shri, India's fourth highest civilian honor, in 2006, for his contributions to the field of agriculture.