[6] Several ephemeral streams, including San Fernando, Santa Gertrudis and Los Olmos, flow into the bay, but only when it rains.

[10] About 21 km2 of the bottom of the bay is covered in seagrass; most other parts are dominated by shoal grass (Halodule beaudettei) with occasional rocky outcrops.

[15] Common tree and plant species include southern live oak (Quercus virginiana), prickly pear (Opuntia spp.

Invertebrates are represented by the endemic fiddler crab species Uca subcylindrica, which reside on dry soil, more than 20 meters from bay waters.

[21] Other species include redfish, threadfin shad (in low salinity periods),[22] pompano,[23] black drum and[24] burrowing goby,[25] etc.