[3] Baghel Singh was born in village Chabhal Kalan, Tarn Taran district of Punjab around 1730s into a Dhaliwal Jat family.

[5] Following Adina Beg Khan's death in September 1758, and during Ahmad Shah Durrani's invasion of the Marathas (1759-1761), Sikh sardars expanded their territories, establishing themselves as regional chieftains.

He established his primary headquarters in Hariana, 12 kilometers west of Hoshiarpur, and entrusted administrative responsibilities to his wife, Rup Kanwar, who governed effectively.

After the partition of Sarhind province in January 1764, Baghel Singh expanded his territories to include Chhalondi, Jamaitgarh, Khurdin, and Kinori.

He established a secondary headquarters in Chhalondi, 30 kilometers from Karnal on the Jagadhri road, with his second wife, Ram Kanwar, overseeing administration.

Zabita Khan, the ruler of Ghausgarh, managed to spare his capital by offering flattery and a bribe of 50,000 rupees, but was forced to accompany the Sikhs as they continued their campaign.

[8] On March 11, 1776, a significant Sikh military force, led by prominent leaders including Baghel Singh, launched an assault on the Meerut district.

During the ensuing battle at Amrinagar, Abu'l Qasim, the imperial commander and brother of Deputy Prime Minister Abdul Ahad Khan, lost his life while fighting against the Sikh forces.

[9][10] In 1779, Abdul Ahad Khan, the Mughal Empire's deputy prime minister, led an expedition against the Cis-Satluj Sikhs to collect tribute.

The Sikh forces then apprehended wealthy locals, securing them to pillars and employing coercive methods to reveal the locations of their concealed treasures.

The accumulated funds were subsequently dedicated to the enhancement of the sacred Sri Harmandir Sahib in Amritsar.,The Sikh forces, led by Baghel Singh, continued their relentless march southward, leaving a trail of plunder in their wake.

These forces encamped at Tis Hazari and swiftly launched a series of plundering raids on Maika Ganj, Sabzi Mandi, and Mughalpura.

Meanwhile, Jassa Singh Ahluwalia broke through Ajmeri Gate and ravaged Hauz Qazi, forcing the inhabitants to seek refuge in the Red Fort.

Jassa Singh Ramgarhia arrived in Delhi from Hisar with 10,000 troops in 1783, right as the Sikhs were wrapping up their conquest of the walled city and its suburbs.

Having been driven out of Punjab by Jassa Singh Ahluwalia and others, Ramgarhia's timely arrival would prove pivotal, The Sikhs then turned their attention to the Red Fort, seeking to seize the property of refugees who had taken shelter there.

[17][18]Begam Samru, entrusted by the Emperor to negotiate with the Sikhs, met with Baghel Singh at his Tis Hazari camp on March 12, 1783.

The terms agreed upon between Begam Samru and Baghel Singh, subsequently approved by the Emperor, included the Dal Khalsa's withdrawal from Delhi, maintaining a 4,000-strong garrison under Baghel Singh, collecting taxes and octroi duties, responsible Sikh conduct, and permission to construct seven Gurdwaras at sacred Sikh sites within a year.

This historic agreement marked a significant milestone in Sikh history, paving the way for iconic Gurdwaras in Delhi, such as Sis Ganj, Rakabganj, and Bangla Sahib.

[3] Prominent gurdwaras originally constructed by Baghel Singh include the following: Mahadaji Shinde, the Regent of the Mughal Empire appointed by Emperor Shah Alam II, sought to put an end to Sikh raids in the Ganga Doab and Delhi regions.

The treaty, ratified by Sindhia on May 9, 1785, stipulated that the Sikhs would refrain from exacting levies on crown lands, while the Marathas would provide them with one-third of the revenues from their affiliated territories.

Despite the emperor's faith in Baghel Singh, the Sikh leader not only failed to provide aid but also joined forces with Ghulam Kadir, who was attacking Delhi.

Only Bhanga Singh of Thanesar, a Sikh leader, stood by the emperor, collaborating with Begam Samru, who remained loyal to Shah Alam II.

Ghulam Kadir's reign of terror eventually ended when Mahadaji Shinde led a Maratha force to liberate Delhi.

This strategic move aimed to prevent Baghel Singh's associate Sikh chiefs from plundering imperial territories and maintain amity with the Marathas.

The Maratha sardar targeted Patiala, where Diwan Nanun Mal promised two lakhs of rupees for recovering territory seized by neighboring chiefs.

[27] George Thomas, an Irish adventurer, made a name for himself in India in 1797 by commanding a formidable force of eight regiments of infantry, one thousand horsemen, and fifty guns.

In a surprising turn of events, Baghel Singh and other Sikhs from the Sarhind province joined forces with Perron to take down George Thomas.