The mangroves provide homes to the black-hooded antwren (Myrmotherula urosticta), Bahia tapaculo (Scytalopus psychopompus) and Dubois' seed-eater (Sporophila falcirostris).

[1] Mangrove ecosystems can naturally absorb amounts of carbon dioxide comparable to the Amazon rainforest, making them a valuable resource in countering global climate change.

The population is under threat in part due to predatory techniques of tangle-netting that are being introduced by members of marginalized groups entering the Bahia mangroves and exploiting them for survival.

[9] Brazilian mangroves are threatened by coastal urban sprawl, and by managed aquiculture enterprises, such as shrimp farms in Salinas da Margarida.

An attempt was made to rescind this protection in September 2020 by Environment Minister Ricardo Salles, the National Environmental Council, and the Brazilian government of Jair Bolsonaro.

[14] The attempt was blocked by a Brazilian Federal court judge who ruled that repeal of the protections would violate "the constitutional right to an ecologically balanced environment".