In 1879, the Saal Railway Company (German: Saal-Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft) opened the current platform 2.

During World War II, the facilities were not badly damaged, in contrast to stations such as Jena Saale or Saalfeld.

Between 1965 and 1973, the tracks were thoroughly refurbished by the East German Railways and the duplication of the adjacent sections of the line were restored (one track and the original electrification equipment had been removed after the war for reparations to the Soviet Union).

Between 1994 and 1996, Göschwitz station was rebuilt when the Saal Railway was electrified and overhead line equipment was installed for the second time.

In 1953, East German Railways rejected a proposal by the mayor of Göschwitz to change the name to "Göschwitz/Saale" or "Jena Süd".