The Baikal Nature Reserve (/baɪˈkɔːl/; Russian: Байка́льский запове́дник) is a nature reserve and "zapovednik" on the southeast shore of Lake Baikal, in southern Buryatia, Russia.

Also called Baikal Zapovednik, it was established in 1969 for preserving the nature along the lake and the neighboring central part of the Khamar-Daban Range.

It hosts dark pine taiga (silver fir, cedar, spruce), thin forests, Siberian Dwarf Pine and rhododendron underbrush, subalpine meadows, and alpine tundras.

The reserve is also home to East Siberian brown bear, Baikal lynx, wolverine, otter, osprey, and golden eagle.

The reserve is also a part of the Lake Baikal World Heritage Site.