Baileyville is a census-designated place (CDP) in western Nemaha County, Kansas, United States.

The community was founded as Haytown, then renamed by Willis J. Bailey and his father to Baileyville.

[4] As of 1902, Baileyville was reported to be one of two sundown towns in the state, where African Americans were not allowed to reside.

[5] The 2020 United States census counted 182 people, 79 households, and 55 families in Baileyville.

[13] The community is served by Nemaha Central USD 115 public school district.