In Monastir while he was a director in the Ottoman Secondary school (idadiye) Topulli founded in November 1905 the Secret Committee for the Liberation of Albania.

[2][3][4] Members of the committee were tasked with preparation for armed activities against the Ottoman Empire and Topulli was sent for agitation to the Prespa and Korçë regions.

[2][3][4] It was based in the Kolonjë region and consisted of several of his students from Monastir who had left their studies and some local peasants to fight against Ottoman rule.

[4] On September 22, 1906 Bajo Topulli's band killed the Greek Orthodox bishop of Görice (now Korçë), Photios,[5] who was said to be responsible for the death of Papa Kristo Negovani[2] and to avenge the Albanian priest.

[6] During 1907 the Bashkimi (Union) Society in Bucharest sent Topulli to Boston on a mission to the Albanian diaspora in United States to collect funds and recruit young men to join guerilla bands back in Ottoman Albania and prepare to fight in a planned uprising for 1908.