Balthasar of Hanau-Münzenberg (29 June 1508 – 9 December 1534, in Hanau) was a posthumous son of Count Reinhard IV of Hanau-Münzenberg (1473 - 1512) and his wife Countess Catherine of Schwarzburg-Blankenburg (d. 1514).
From 1529, he acted as co-regent for his nephew, Count Philip III, whose father had died young.
He continued the construction of fortifications around Hanau, which his brother Philip II had begun.
He supplemented the fortresses with a defensive ring according to the latest technical standard of the Renaissance.
Like most male members of the Hanau-Münzenberg line, he died young, in 1534, at the age of 26.