Initially Bank of Kigali was founded as a joint venture between the Government of Rwanda and Banque Belgolaise, with each owning 50 percent of the ordinary share capital.

[10] On 21 June 2011, the Rwandan Capital Market Advisory Council approved plans for the bank to float 45 percent of its shares and list its shares on the Rwanda Stock Exchange (RSE), becoming the second domestic company to list on the RSE in a US$62.5 million initial public offering.

[11] In December 2012, regional media reports indicated that the bank was in the middle of an expansion into neighboring Uganda.

[13] While regional expansion was a top priority under former CEO James Gatera, his successor, Diane Karusisi, has hinted that her focus is on further deepening the bank's roots at home to tap into what still remains a largely formally un-banked population.

The cross-listing and the planned rights issue, both planned during the second half of 2018, are expected to raise US$70 million, to be deployed on the acquisition of new, improved ICT systems ($20 million), with the rest deployed in loans to support infrastructure projects at home.