Dame Barbara Evelyn Clayton (2 September 1922 – 11 January 2011) was an English pathologist who made a significant contribution to clinical medicine, medical research and public service.
She was latterly Professor of Clinical Pathology at Great Ormond Street Hospital, London.
Concerned with the high levels of lead found in children's blood she co-authored, with five others, the article ‘Lead poisoning in children’ (Arch dis child 1964, 39, 1–13) and while a member of the Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution in the 1980s, campaigned and lobbied the UK government to enforce a ban on lead in petrol, paint and other products.
She was Dean of Medicine at the university from 1983 to 1986, and honorary consultant chemical pathologist at the Southampton General Hospital.
She met chemist William Klyne in 1947 while they were both employed at the Medical Research Council in Edinburgh.