[8] It is not easily suppressed with living mulches such as velvet bean (Mucuna pruriens var.

[9] Early barnyard grass (E. oryzoides) is a well-known example of Vavilovian mimicry: the plants have evolved to resemble rice (Oryza), enabling them to escape weeding more easily.

[10] Among the plant pathogens that affect this genus are the sac fungus Cochliobolus sativus, which has been noted on common barnyard grass, and rice hoja blanca virus.

Both affect many other grass species, in particular most important cereals, and Echinochloa weeds may serve as a reservoir.

[11] Insect pests include Atherigona falcata, the barnyard millet shoot fly.