He had previously represented Maidstone in Parliament and served as chairman of the Kent County Council from 1910 to 1930.
He was the son of Fiennes Cornwallis (who had been born Fiennes Wykeham-Martin but had assumed the surname of Cornwallis by Royal licence in 1859), son of Charles Wykeham-Martin and Lady Jemima Isabella, daughter of James Mann, 5th Earl Cornwallis.
As of 2010[update] the title is held by the latter's grandson, the fourth Baron, who succeeded in March 2010.
His wife, Sara, serves as Deputy Lieutenant of Perth and Kinross.
The heir apparent is the present holder's son the Honourable Fiennes Alexander Wykeham Martin Cornwallis (born 1987).