Bartolomeu Bueno da Silva, also known as Anhanguera (a transliteration from the Tupi word for "old devil" (1672 – 19 September 1740)) was a bandeirante from the state of São Paulo.

At 12 years old, he went to accompany his father, also named Bartolomeu Bueno da Silva, in expeditions into the rural areas of the Captaincy of São Vicente, corresponding to the territory of the moden-day state of Goiás.

They disembarked and soon ordered everyone to build Lapa church in honor and glory of Nossa Senhora dos Caminheiros that, after passing through and errors made, without recounting the thickness of the sertão, would bring them, in the end, the right direction of the Goiá tribe.

Her great-grandmother was the daughter-in-law of Anhanguera,[1] as told in an excerpt from one of her books:those especially in old age, widowed and in poverty, had to replace com with their farmers and their daughters, a certain amount of gold, requested by the old Bandeirante and of which the anticipated boon disheartened the King of Portugal.

Cora Coralina testifies that: Bartolomeu Bueno da Silva, the Younger, who provided a substantial increase in the wealth of the Portuguese crown, wasted with the discovery of the mines all of the fortune that would have been inherited from his parents, and passed away poor in Vila de Goiás in 1740, truly because the promise of conceding the crown an arroba (~14.7kg) of gold from the income obtained through the extraction of metal was not accomplished, ordering it, this indeed, a restitution of quantities already received, with the capturing of goods of benefit if it had not been carried out.The race for gold was the fuse for greed and evasion of taxes, which came as part of the denunciations.

Minas Gerais generated profits in step with the centers that were known for their gold extraction during the reign of Dom João V in Portugal, which is considered to be the most ostentatious period for Portuguese royalty.

These harmonious relations could best be exemplified in a redacted document by Rodrigo César de Meneses [pt] and delivered to the younger Anhanguera, which had established the terms of a contract between Anhanguera and the metropole and demonstrated a joint action between it and the rural parts of São Paulo:[7] In view of Your Majesty, that God protects, it was served to order me by letter on the 14th of February last year in 1721, signed by your royal hand, adjusted with the Captain Bartolomeu Bueno da Silva the award that there would have been to give, in case that they would have discovered in the sertão of this captaincy mines of gold and silver, and other possessions, and that he gave regiments when he entered with troops to make the discovery in said sertão, and in compliment of the order of said Sir, I demanded him to give this regiment, that had been there to inviolably guard the said Captain Bartolomeu Bueno da Silva.

The constructions set them apart from the average house in the villages of São Paulo and Minas Gerais, from which the primary material was pounded rammed earth.

They were quickly wiped out after the arrival of Anhanguera and the bandeirantes due to disease and the violence of the sertanistas, and as such could not leave any trace of their existence, be it linguistically or archeologically.

In the book Raízes do Brasil by Sergio Buarque de Holanda, he makes a brief allusion to the Goyazes, indicating the belief that the central parts of South America had been inhabited by the Goyá.

Therefore, with the source of this hypothesis the anecdote of the rise of the nickname Anhanguera, given first to the elder Bartolomeu Bueno da Silva, it would have first appeared on the border of the states of São Paulo and Minas Gerais, and not at the Vermelho river.