Basavakalyana is a historical city and municipal council in the Bidar District of the Indian state of Karnataka.

After independence and division of states on linguistic basis in 1956, Kalyana was renamed as BasavaKalyan in memory of Vishwaguru Basavanna, a social reformer who established Anubhava Mantapa (spiritual democracy) in 12th-century India.

King Someshwara I (1042–1068 CE) moved the capital from Manyakheta (present Malkhed in Kalaburagi district) to Kalyani.

King Vikramaditya VI had scholars in his court such as Someshwara, Bilhana (poet of Kashmir) and Vigyaneshwara (legal expert).

The Jaina temple at Lakkundi near Gadag forms the next step in the improvement of this style introducing a greater ornamental effect in the treatment of the surface.

Kasi Vishveshvara at Lakkundi, Mallikarjuna at Kuruvatti and Mahadeva Temple (Itagi) are the finest examples produced by the later Chalukya architects.

There are nearly one hundred monuments of the period, scattered all over the Deccan, giving us information about the artistic excellence attained by the later Chalukyas of Kalyani.

During the 12th century the Kalachuris of Kalyani King Bijjala (1156–1167) assumed the throne, and Basaveshwara was appointed as his prime minister.

Basaveshwara led a social movement to stop untouchability and gender discrimination, Shivasharana revolution took place.

It was led by Saint Allamprabhu), and gave practical solutions to all kinds of problems mankind was suffering at that time.