The group was formed in Madrid in 1983 under the leadership of Carlos Rodrigo Ruiz de Castro and Fernando Fernández Perdices (both lawyers) and the student Ignacio Alonso García.
[1] They published magazines that encouraged violent action, such as La Peste Negra (The black plague) and ¡A Por Ellos!
[2] Membership was largely made up of football hooligan Ultras and racist skinheads who operated in small cells.
However given the cell-based nature of the movement, which took its organisational, if not its ideological, impetus from anarchism, some individual cells continued to exist for some time after this.
[4] Others became heavily involved in the RAC music scene, helping to promote such Spanish bands as Estirpe Imperial, Division 250 and Klan.