Basketball at the 2007 Pan American Games took place at the indoor arena in the Autódromo de Jacarépagua in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, an arena which was built specially for the Pan Am Games.

Brazil was the reigning Pan American champion in the men's competition, while Cuba defended its title in the women's competition.

In each group, each team played against all others once and the two best advanced to the semifinals.

The two latter in each group played in 5th to 8th classification matches.

Three teams automatically qualified to compete in this tournament, the hosts Mexico, Canada and the United States.