The foremost record of this region can be seen in Portuguese and Dutch historical documents along with local inscriptions such as Sammanthurai Copper epigraphs written in 1683 CE which also mentions Mattakkalappu Desam.

[10] Brahmi Inscriptions and ruins related to Megalithic period observed in Kathiraveli, Vellaveli, Ukanthai and Kudumbigala pointed out the antiquity of the Batticaloa region.

[11] Mattakalappu Purva Charithiram, the chronicle of Eastern Tamils, which was collected from palm manuscripts dated back to the 17th century CE, annotates the history of the kings who ruled this region with some historical background that is still in question.

[12][13] Etymological research on some places such as Nagamunai,[14] and Mantunagan Saalai (present Mandur) indicated their association with Naga tribe of ancient Sri Lanka.

The arrival of Virasaivite Priests for Nagarmunai Subramanya Swami Kovil from Srisailam of Andhra [15] is believed to be a contemporary example of the Vira Saivite renaissance that occurred during the 12th century CE.