However, the battle did not affect the overall strategic position since Imperial victories elsewhere meant that by the end of 1706, French troops in Lombardy were isolated and their surrender only a matter of time.

This led to the Convention of Milan in March 1707, which allowed them free passage to France in return for withdrawing from their remaining garrisons and effectively ended the war in Northern Italy.

[1] The main French objective for 1706 was to capture the Savoyard capital of Turin; to prevent Imperial forces in Lombardy intervening, Vendôme attacked at Calcinato on 19 April and drove them into the Trentino valley.

The new French commander in Italy, Louis XIV's nephew Philippe II, Duke of Orléans followed him, leaving Médavy and 23,000 men to guard the Alpine passes.

Castiglione slightly improved their bargaining position but the capture of Milan by Prince Eugene prevented French garrisons in Lombardy being reinforced and meant their surrender being only a matter of time.

Its capture would confirm Allied naval supremacy in the western Mediterranean Sea, support the Protestant Camisard revolt in Southern France, divert Bourbon forces from Spain, and win back the French-occupied Savoyard territories of Villefranche and the County of Savoy.

[9] At the last minute Joseph ordered Count Wirich Philipp von Daun to take 8,000 troops allocated for this campaign and capture the Spanish-ruled Kingdom of Naples.