[1] The battle of 1759 was an exception to the overall policy of befriending indigenous communities on behalf of the Spanish authorities in Valdivia.

[3] In 1758 Huilliche chief Huarán requested Spanish soldiers to defend his lands against his Cunco enemies.

[4] The Governor of Valdivia Ambrosio Sáes de Bustamante responded to this call leading to the Battle of Río Bueno in 1759.

[2][4][5] There are differing views on the outcome of this battle; according to Diego Barros Arana it was a Spanish victory,[1] yet historian Salvador Rumian Cisterna considers that with the battle chiefs Catrillanca and Paidil managed to halt any further Spanish advance.

[1][2] Ignacio Pinuer, a staunch believer in the existence of the city, was present in the battle of Río Bueno claiming "the Caesars" participated in the "Christian" side by attacking the indigenous rearguard at night, securing thus a Spanish victory.