The Battle of Stephaniana (Serbian: Битка код Стефанијане) was a small-scale battle between the forces of the Medieval Serbian Kingdom and the Emirate of Aydin, allies of Byzantine emperor John VI Kantakouzenos.

[3] The Emirate [Turkish] force, 3,100 strong, were in the process of returning to Anatolia to defend against a Latin attack on their main harbour, Smyrna.

[4][5] On their way they were attacked by a Serbian army under voivode Preljub, one of the most capable generals in the service of Stefan Dušan.

[6] The battle, which occurred sometime in May 1344, was won by the Turks, but was not able to thwart the ongoing conquest of Byzantine Macedonia by Dušan.

[7][8] Both the Serbs and Bulgarians who had existing kingdoms in the Balkans and various groups of Turks were by 1344 very active in the Byzantine Civil War (1341–47).