Bavaria-Landshut (Middle High German: Baiern-Landshut) was a duchy in the Holy Roman Empire from 1353 to 1503.

In the Treaty of Landsberg 1349, which divided up Louis's empire, his sons Stephen, William, and Albert were to receive jointly Lower Bavaria and the Netherlands.

Bavaria-Landshut was then the richest part of Bavaria, also due to the mining in Rattenberg and Kitzbühel and the most modern administration.

[2] The duchy lasted overall 150 years until the death of Georg the Rich triggered the Landshut War of Succession.

[3] Kufstein and Kitzbühel were ceded to Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor as compensation for his support to Bavaria-Munich and then united with Tyrol.