The team entered its modern era shortly after, rebranding as Los Vaqueros de Bayamon in 1955, the new name was inspired by their new sponsor, Espasas Dairy Company.

Evelio "El Potro" Droz, who joined in 1957, quickly became a star, leading the league in scoring with 407 points in 1959, and representing Puerto Rico in the Central American and Caribbean Games in Venezuela.

Martin Ansa, known as one of the most offensive players in Puerto Rican basketball history, joined the team in 1960 and won the scoring title with 405 points.

Under the influence of notable coaches such as Roy Rubbins, Art Loche, Lou Rossini, Fufi Santori, Tom Nissalke, and Del Harris, the Vaqueros continued to excel.

Under the leadership of Coach Nelson Colon, they celebrated championship wins in 2020 ( a condensed tournament season given the extraordinary COVID-19 pandemic) and again in 2022, bringing their total league titles to sixteen.

As of now, the Vaqueros de Bayamon are the reigning champions in the BSN league, demonstrating a remarkable return to form in the current decade.

The Vaqueros de Bayamón play their home games at the Rubén Rodríguez Coliseum, an arena inaugurated in 1988 and named after the team's former player.

As Puerto Rico's third-largest indoor sports venue, the coliseum can comfortably host up to 12,000 fans, though it has been known to accommodate nearly 16,000 spectators during the team's finals.

Renowned for its extensive fandom, the Vaqueros experienced a slight decrease in support from 2000 to 2008, a period marked by limited success and no championships.

[3] The Vaqueros' fervor extends to selling out every home final game since their golden era in the 1970s, earning them recognition as one of the BSN's most significant franchises according to numerous commentators.

Goya has been a significant sponsor of the team for 37 seasons, providing financial support and fostering a strong connection between the Vaqueros and the local industry.

Rubén Rodríguez, a stalwart of the Vaqueros de Bayamón, dedicated 23 seasons to the team, consistently donning the number 15 jersey.

Throughout his career, Rodríguez remained loyal to the Vaqueros, leading them to nine national championship victories, including a streak of five consecutive wins from 1971 to 1975, as well as triumphs in 1967, 1969, 1981, and 1988.