[3] Bayang is one the 15 original royal sultanates of Lanao, most documented royal sultanate of West Unayan, founded by Imam Diwan of Unayan, when he chose lakeside for the religious purposes and called it "Bayang", a Malay term which means "shadow", Bayang is a reflection of his image as religious man.

The American troops, three infantry battalions and a battery of artillery total to some 1200 men, were led to Bayang by colonel Frank Baldwin to demand the extradition of the Moros responsible for the ambushing and killing of two American soldiers at the construction of a road from Iligan to Lake Lanao, two months earlier.

[6] When the sultan of Bayang refused, Baldwin's troops attacked and captured the nearby cotta (fortress; "small, castle-like structures with thick, high walls"[7]) of Binidayan on 2 May.

They subsequently attempted to capture the cotta of Pandapatan, which resisted the artillery fire and was only subdued the next day after hand-to-hand combat between Moros and Americans.

The number of Moro casualties is estimated at 300 to 400, including the sultan of Bayang and his brother.

[6][7] The cotta of Pandapatan has been preserved as a historical monument; the fallen of the Battle of Bayang are considered martyrs by Filipino Muslims.

[citation needed] High School Poverty Incidence of Bayang Source: Philippine Statistics Authority[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]