[3] In 2018, Belgium suspended education aid projects with the Palestinian Authority after discovering that a school it funded in Hebron had been renamed after a militant who took part in the 1978 Coastal Road massacre, where 38 Israeli civilians including 13 children, were killed.

On 27 October 2023, Belgium was one of 121 countries to vote in favor of a General Assembly resolution calling for an immediate ceasefire to the fighting between Israel and Gaza.

[7] On 8 November, a month after the conflict began, deputy prime minister Petra De Sutter called for imposing sanctions on Israel.

[8][9] In November 2023, following a meeting with the President of Egypt Abdel Fattah El Sisi, Prime Minister of Spain Pedro Sánchez, along with Belgian Prime Minister Alexander De Croo, held a joint press conference at the Rafah border crossing with the Gaza Strip.

[11] They also said that the time had come for the international community and the European Union (EU) to once and for all recognize a Palestinian State and called for a permanent ceasefire in the war-battered territory.