Belgium was represented in France by 78[1] athletes, all of them male, who competed in 11 disciplines.

Université de Bruxelles represented Belgium in the football competition.

Belgium's inaugural Olympic appearance included competing in the gymnastics portion of the program.

Belgium, through the Royal Club Nautique de Gand, sent a coxed pair and an eight to the first Olympic rowing competition.

Belgium's first Olympic appearance included competing in the shooting events.

Brussels Swimming and Water Polo Club represented Belgium in this event.