Located in the southwestern part of the county along the Ohio River, it borders the following townships: Wood County, West Virginia lies across the Ohio River to the southeast.

Two populated places are located in Belpre Township along the Ohio River: The city of Belpre, in the southeast; and the unincorporated community of Little Hocking, in the southwest.

With a name derived from the French for "beautiful meadow",[4] it is the only Belpre Township statewide.

The township is governed by a three-member board of trustees, who are elected in November of odd-numbered years to a four-year term beginning on the following January 1.

There is also an elected township fiscal officer,[5] who serves a four-year term beginning on April 1 of the year after the election, which is held in November of the year before the presidential election.