Bento António Gonçalves, GOL (2 March 1902 – 11 September 1942) was the second General Secretary of the Portuguese Communist Party.

In 1924 he was sent to the Portuguese colony of Angola and started to work as a mechanical turner in the Luanda railroad company.

In 1926 he returned to Lisbon, where he became a member of the Navy Workers Labor Union, in the next year he traveled to Moscow, in the Portuguese delegation to the celebration of the 10th anniversary of the Bolshevik Revolution.

In September 1928 he joined the Portuguese Communist Party and became a member of the cell of the Arsenal of Alfeite.

In November of the same year he traveled to Madrid where he established contacts with the Comintern and the Communist Party of Spain.