The municipality of Berga-Wünschendorf is located in the southeast of Thuringia, directly on the state border with Saxony.

Adjacent communities are, starting in the north and moving clockwise, Gera, Endschütz, Linda bei Weida, Gauern, Seelingstädt, Mohlsdorf-Teichwolframsdorf, Greiz, Langenwetzendorf, Weida, Teichwitz, Crimla and Zedlitz.

Spatially separated, 24 districts belong to Berga-Wünschendorf: Albersdorf, Berga/Elster (with Pöltschen to the south), Clodra, Cronschwitz, Dittersdorf, Eula, Großdraxdorf, Kleinkundorf, Markersdorf, Meilitz, Mildenfurth, Mosen, Obergeißendorf, Pösneck, Tschirma, Untergeißendorf, Untitz, Veitsberg, Wernsdorf, Wolfersdorf, Wunschendorf/Elster, Zickra, Zossen and Zschorta.

In July 2022, the local councils of Berga/Elster and Wunschendorf/Elster decided to merge to form the new town of Berga-Wünschendorf on 1 January 2024.

The merger was decided in December 2023 with the Thuringian law for the voluntary reorganization of municipalities belonging to districts in 2024.