He had the support of Pope Adrian III, whom he invited to an assembly in Worms in October 885, but who died on the way, just after crossing the river Po.
Because Charles had called together the "bishops and counts of Gaul" as well as the pope to meet him at Worms, it seems likely that he planned to make Bernard King of Lotharingia.
[3] He had the term proles (offspring) inserted into his charters as it had not been in previous years, probably because he desired to legitimise Bernard.
[7] Probably, he fled Alemannia for Italy and the protection of Arnulf's rival, King Guy, as recorded by the late medieval historian Gobelinus, who may have had a lost Carolingian work as his source.
The revolt was finally put down by Solomon III, Bishop of Constance, and Hatto, Abbot of Reichenau.