He was the third son of Bernhard I, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg, by his wife Princess Sophie, daughter of King Abel of Denmark.
In accordance with the family law of the House of Ascania, he was obliged to rule jointly with his older brother John I without division of their patrimony.
However, he could not take actual possession of his cousin Otto's lands Anhalt-Aschersleben or retain title to this fief, because the territory was lawfully expropriated by the Bishopric of Halberstadt as payment for the debts of the late Prince Otto.
Bernhard agreed to this arrangement in writing in 1316, however his descendants continued to dispute the loss of the principality for centuries.
1270 – d. 9 August 1315), daughter of Wizlaw II, Prince of Rügen and widow of John III, Lord of Mecklenburg.