Grace Elizabeth "Betty" Clements (April 14, 1918 – July 17, 1965) was an American physician, who after serving in the Women Airforce Service Pilots (WASP) during World War II, became the first woman neurology resident at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, to devote herself to the practice of neurology after residency.

As a WASP during World War II, she arrived at Utah's Wendover Air Force Base, stepped out of her airplane, and surprised officers greeting her by being a woman.

After being honorably discharged from the WASP, she transferred to the American Red Cross training school for hospital workers, and until April 1946 was posted in the Philippines.

There, during her spare time she cared for people with leprosy at the Tala Leprosarium, and subsequently organised essential supplies to be transferred there from Nebraska.

[1][5][6] Her name had been recorded as G. E. Clements, and her profile was found to fit the criteria required by Colonel Paul Tibbets Jr. at Utah's Wendover Air Force Base, for secret missions associated with the Manhattan Project.

[1][5] Being a WASP, she could not be posted to overseas missions and had to stay on home-ground tasks transferring aircraft from factory to base, towing gunnery targets, and completing engineering flights.

[1][discuss] In 1946, Clements gained admission to study medicine at the University of Nebraska and qualified in 1952, the year after submitting her thesis titled "Recent Trends in Segregation Regulations for Control of Hansen's Disease in the United States".

[2] In October 1954 she gained a fellowship in neurology at the Mayo Graduate School of Medicine, and completed it at the end of 1957, before traveling to England to train for around three months at the National Hospital, London.