The book centers on a fantasy realm, analogous to ancient Mesopotamia, that is based on the myths and legends of Sumer and Babylon.

Consequently the inhabitants have developed technology such as writing and smelting, and have started to lose respect for Engibil and his power.

It becomes the task of the main character, Sharur, a merchant, to travel the land, find out why the gods are angry, and try to solve the problem.

One reviewer called it "an enjoyable way to pass a sunny weekend afternoon.

"[1] Another states "Between the Rivers covers ground familiar to readers of Turtledove's work, however it does so in a manner which is frequently fresh and inventive.