Bijelo Brdo culture

[5][6] It is named after an archeological site, a medieval graveyard found in the village of Bijelo Brdo, Croatia, near Osijek, which was first excavated in 1895.

[7][9] By 2021, the term is mostly used in Croatia (due to close cultural analogies and to differentiate archaeological material in continental Croatia from the old Croatian-Dalmatian culture),[10][11] and in Serbia, Slovakia and Romania, but mostly out of use in Hungary, as in "the last few decades, a tendency can be noted to avoid the use of older terms containing the names of regions or sites which suggest the place of origin of a given archaeological phenomenon, and to replace them with chronological or historical designations".

[12] Recently archaeologist Krešimir Filipec negated it "as an archaeological culture and believing that it is simply a fashion of the time and that it should be given a new and neutral name".

[33] Some scholars consider that the culture's cemeteries disappeared, at least in Transylvania, around 1100, most probably not independently of laws adopted under Kings Ladislaus I and Coloman of Hungary which prescribed the burial of dead in graveyards developed near churches.

[15] Female dress accessories, including "jewellery of plaited wire, two-piece sheetwork pendants, snake-head bracelets and S-shaped temple-reings",[6] are the most characteristic items of the culture.

[15][36] South of the Sava river, "assemblages attributed to the 'Bjelo Brdo culture' are easily recognizable by specific female dress accessories, especially 'beaded' earrings with grape-like pendants evidently imitating granulated ornaments of ninth-century specimens".

[4] Since the beginning of the scolarly research was thought that the Bijelo Brdo, and other poorer gravesites in early medieval Hungary, were Slavic and that only the rich horse-warrior burials were of Hungarian conquerors.