[2] There are different theories on the tribal identity of Bilge Kul khagan.
According to Western[citation needed] and Kazakh historiographies, he was a ruler of Isfijab, a descendant of the Karluk yabghu.
[3] Alternatively, he was from the Edgish tribe, a part of the Chigils[4][5] or a Yagma.
According to Pritsak, he claimed the title "Khaqan" after the fall of Uyghur khaganate since he was from the Ashina dynasty.
[6][7][8][9] However, Wei Liangtao claims that he was, in fact, Pang Tegin, a ruler of remnants of the Uyghur ruling dynasty in Khotan.