Bình Định province has an area of 6,066.40 km2 (2,342.25 sq mi),[2] comprising 11 district-level sub-divisions, with a population of over 1.5 million people as of 2023.

[6] Its favourable geography led to the rise of the Cham Port of Thị Nại where Quy Nhơn is now located.

[7] It also points to the relative abundance of labour in Vijaya compared to other Champa centres of power, because processing stones for construction was more labour-intensive than the production of bricks.

[9] Major wars with Vietnam were fought in 1069 and again in the 15th century, which eventually led to the defeat of Vijaya and the demise of Champa in 1471.

Elevations range from 0 at the coast to around 1200 meters above sea level in An Lão district in the north-west of the province.

The districts of An Lão in the north-west, Vĩnh Thạnh in the west, and Vân Canh in the south-west are mostly mountainous.

[14] With a gross domestic product per capita of 9.57 million đồngs in 2007, Bình Định is ranked fourth out of eight provinces and cities in the South Central Coast.

It is the region's third-largest industrial center (mainly based on furniture manufacturing) and also has strong agricultural, forestry, livestock, and fishing sectors.

It contributes roughly 23% of sector 1 GDP and rice output of the South Central Coast (while it has 17.7% of the region's population).

[15] The rice harvest is the largest of the South Central Coast region but accounts only for a modest 1.62% of the national output.

[16] The livestock sector makes up 35% of the agricultural gross output, a relatively high value compared to other provinces.

Its gross output contributes one fifth of the South Central Coast's total, ranking second after Khánh Hòa province (as of 2007).

[16] In contrast to Khánh Hòa, the vast majority of this was contributed by sea fishing, with only a small share (11.1%) from aquaculture.

The industry has been successful in creating large numbers of jobs, with furniture manufacturing enterprises employing around 40,000 workers and manufacturing in total around 107,000,[16] making Bình Định leading in the South Central Coast in terms of industrial employment.

Smaller manufacturing sectors include garments, paper, leather, plastics and rubber products.

It has traditionally been the site of a major port and the intersection of two national roads has further increased Bình Định's role as a gateway to the Central Highlands and access to the latter's resources.

As a result, the province has received one of the highest infrastructure scores in the Provincial Competitiveness Index 2009, second only to Da Nang in central Vietnam.

A branch of it – National Route 1D – connects the provincial capital Quy Nhon to 1A and Sông Cầu in Phú Yên province.

[20] National Road 19 runs from Quy Nhơn Port through northern Quy Nhơn, the towns of Tuy Phước, Phú Phong to An Khê, Pleiku and Lệ Thanh border gate in Gia Lai province.

Much of Côn River – almost up to the border in Vĩnh Thạnh district with Gia Lai province – and a small stretch of Lai Giang River up to Bồng Sơn in Hoài Nhơn district – are inland waterways and can be used for transportation.

Maritime transport within the province has shown a declining trend in recent years and was at 171 tons and 31,000 passengers in 2009.

[16] While Vietnam Railways and the major seaports are owned and operated by the state sector, almost none of the local transport is state-run.

Both private and household businesses have been able to grow and increase their share in recent years, mainly at the expense of the declining collective sector.

The total number of subscriptions in the province was 1.1 million – a rapid increase from the 101,230 in 2005, most of which was contributed by mobile phones.

[16] More than 40% of the total population is concentrated in Quy Nhon and the two suburban districts of An Nhơn and Tuy Phước.

Population density per km2 in the rest of the province range from 30 to 40 in Vân Canh, An Lão, and Vĩnh Thạnh to 982 in Quy Nhon.

There are minorities of Bahnar people in the sparsely populated districts of An Lão, Vĩnh Thạnh and Vân Canh.

Traditional martial arts practiced in Binh Dinh (Võ thuật Bình Định) has become a cultural heritage.